Google Earth Engine平台支持下的赣南柑橘果园遥感提取研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐晗泽宇  刘冲  王军邦  齐述华 《地球信息科学学报》2018,20(3):396-404

赣南地区是中国柑橘主产区,柑橘种植产业经数十年发展已具较大规模。本文利用Google Earth Engine平台,使用2140景Landsat影像进行像元级融合,重构目标年份季节最小云量影像集,构建多维分类特征集,利用随机森林分类算法,实现了1990、1995、2000、2005、2010和2016年赣南柑橘果园的分布制图。结果表明：利用Google Earth Engine平台可实现大量遥感影像数据的高效处理;最小云量影像合成方法能够有效解决多云多雨地区高质量光学影像获取困难的问题;以最小云量影像合成构建的数据集,使用随机森林分类算法能够有效提取赣南柑橘果园,分类平均总体精度和Kappa系数分别为93.15%和0.90,分类效果良好;赣南柑橘果园面积由1990年9.77 km²扩大为2016年2200.34 km²,2005年以后呈大规模扩张趋势,果园分布由零星分布,逐步形成连片化的聚集分布特点,柑橘果园用地的主要来源为林地、灌丛和耕地。  相似文献   

基于投影变换的线阵旋转扫描相机标定方法     

苏琳  巫兆聪  闫钊  王鹏 《测绘通报》2019,(4):96-98,102

针对线阵旋转扫描相机标定数据难以获取及模型解算不稳定的问题，提出了一种基于投影变换的线阵旋转扫描相机标定方法。首先构建了一种新的线阵旋转扫描相机成像模型，该模型可以根据相机旋转平台参数、线阵旋转扫描相机成像平面与其切平面的位置关系将旋转扫描图像投影为框幅式图像；然后根据构建出的成像模型，采用直接线性变换法和非线性优化方法进行相机标定和参数优化。试验结果表明，此方法简单易行，具有较高的精度。  相似文献   

地下结构抗震设计的改进等效反应加速度法     

禹海涛  张正伟  李攀 《岩土力学》2020,41(7):2401-2410

对地下结构横向抗震分析中的等效反应加速度法进行综合分析。结合算例，以动力时程法为基准，全面评价了等效反应加速度法的适用性；进而深入分析其误差来源，并做针对性改进优化，通过引入动力响应调整系数β，提出了一种改进等效反应加速度法；结合算例分析，评价了改进等效反应加速度法对不同工况的适用性。结果表明：等效反应加速度法计算所得结构内力及变形均偏小；且计算精度随地层剪切波速的增大整体呈上升趋势，但几乎不受结构埋深的影响；同时，明确了等效反应加速度法的误差源自于其忽略了地下结构对其周围土体动力响应的干扰作用，改进优化后提出了改进等效反应加速度法；相比现有等效反应加速度法，改进等效反应加速度法具有更广泛的适用性及更优的计算精度，可为地下结构抗震设计和分析提供新的计算方法。  相似文献   

Modelling the time‐dependent behaviour of granular material with hypoplasticity          下载免费PDF全文

Shun Wang  Wei Wu  Zhen‐Yu Yin  Chong Peng  Xuzhen He 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2018,42(12):1331-1345

This paper presents a constitutive model for time‐dependent behaviour of granular material. The model consists of 2 parts representing the inviscid and viscous behaviour of granular materials. The inviscid part is a rate‐independent hypoplastic constitutive model. The viscous part is represented by a rheological model, which contains a high‐order term denoting the strain acceleration. The proposed model is validated by simulating some element tests on granular soils. Our model is able to model not only the non‐isotach behaviour but also the 3 creep stages, namely, primary, secondary, and tertiary creep, in a unified way.  相似文献   

多通道瞬变电磁法频率域比值算法及视电阻率计算研究          下载免费PDF全文

张文伟  真齐辉  底青云 《地球物理学报》2018,61(10):4171-4181

视电阻率在电磁法勘探中起重要作用，可以作为初步解释结果，多通道瞬变电磁法通过大地脉冲响应的峰值时刻定义视电阻率.鉴于传统方法计算峰值时刻视电阻率需要恢复完整大地脉冲响应，本文通过研究大地脉冲响应及其频谱特征，提出一种新的频率域比值法.利用参考谱及其与一般谱的伸缩因子计算一般谱的峰值时刻，进而得到视电阻率.该方法只需大地脉冲响应单个频点幅度谱，从而不用估计整个大地脉冲响应.实际计算时，可以用大地脉冲响应多个频点幅度谱得到平均视电阻率.模拟数据与实测数据结果表明，在一维介质中，频率域比值法可以得到合理的视电阻率.  相似文献   

黄土河谷场地地形放大效应的研究     

王良  卢育霞  马林伟  孔德政 《大地测量与地球动力学》2018,38(2):167-171

使用黄土河谷场地模型对地震动峰值加速度和频谱特征进行研究。结果表明，不同工况下各观测点PGA的放大比呈现出不同的变化规律。分析山顶和山谷各点的傅里叶谱以及谱比发现，在地形和土层共同作用下的放大效应是各自单独作用下放大效应的乘积。  相似文献   

基于多时相Landsat影像的中亚地区植被覆盖遥感监测          下载免费PDF全文

王华  杨乾鹏  田云杰  郭山川  唐鹏飞 《干旱区地理》2020,43(4):1023-1032

针对中亚地区的强生态脆弱性、高敏感性特征,有必要开展广域、长期的植被覆盖监测以匹配“绿色丝绸之路”的可持续发展目标。鉴于此,联合Landsat 5和Landsat 8卫星数据集,利用Google Earth Engine（GEE）地理空间数据云计算平台,估算了中亚地区1993—2018年间共12期的植被覆盖度。结果表明：（1）中亚地区植被覆盖总体水平较低,但也具有较为显著的空间异质性。（2）中亚地区1993—2018年间多数区域植被覆盖趋势较为稳定,哈萨克斯坦丘陵、费尔干纳盆地等区域植被覆盖度呈增加趋势,乌拉尔河流域和锡尔河流域等区域植被覆盖趋势为负。（3）植被覆盖度时序特征上,中亚地区1993—2018年间总体植被覆盖度累积增加3%,其中吉尔吉斯斯坦和塔吉克斯坦植被覆盖分别增加3.96%和5.86%。（4）裸土区呈退缩趋势,面积总计减少25.9×10⁴ km²,低植被覆盖区、中植被覆盖区和高植被覆盖区范围在呈现出的振荡式增加。研究结合遥感大数据和地理云计算对中亚地区进行区域尺度的植被覆盖动态监测,能对中亚地区生态评估和演替分析提供技术支持和定量数据。  相似文献   

RESEARCH ON PASSIVE SERVO SEISMIC ROTATIONAL ACCELERATION SENSOR WITH LARGE DAMPING     

QU Ming-zhe  GAO Feng  YANG Xue-shan  YANG Dong-xia 《地震地质》2018,40(5):1170-1178

Many strong motion records show that under the strong seismic vibration of, the torsional disfigurement of building structures is a common and serious damage. At present, there are no special sensors for measuring seismic rotation in the world. Most of the experts obtain rotational components through observing deformation, theoretical analysis and calculation. The theory of elastic wave and source dynamics also prove the conclusion that the surface of the earth will rotate when an earthquake occurs. Based on a large number of investigations and experiments, a rotational acceleration sensor was developed for the observation of the rotational component of strong ground motions. This acceleration sensor is a double-pendulum passive servo large-damped seismic rotational acceleration sensor with the moving coil transducer. When an earthquake occurs, the seismic rotational acceleration acts on the bottom plate at the same time. The magnetic circuit system and the middle shaft fixedly connected to the bottom plate follow the bottom plate synchronous vibration, and the moving part composed of the mass ring, the swing frame and the moving ring produces relative corners to the central axis. The two working coils mounted on the two pendulums produce the same relative motion with respect to the magnetic gaps of the two magnetic circuits. Both working coils at this time generate an induced electromotive force by cutting magnetic lines of force in the respective magnetic gaps. The generated electromotive forces are respectively input to respective passive servo large damper dynamic ring transducer circuits and angular acceleration adjusting circuits, and the signals are simultaneously input to the synthesizing circuit after conditioning. Finally, the composite circuit outputs a voltage signal proportional to the seismic rotational acceleration to form a seismic rotational acceleration sensor. The paper presents the basic principles of the rotational acceleration sensor, including its mechanical structure diagram, circuit schematic diagram and mathematical models. The differential equation of motion and its circuit equation are derived to obtain the expressions of the main technical specifications, such as the damping ratio and sensitivity. The calculation shows that when the damping ratio is much larger than 1, the output voltage of the passive servo large damping dynamic coil transducer circuit is proportional to the ground rotation acceleration, and the frequency characteristic of bandpass is wider when the damping ratio is larger. Based on the calibration test, the dynamic range is greater than or equal to 100dB and the linearity error is less than 0.05%. The amplitude-frequency characteristics, the phase-frequency characteristics and their corresponding curves of the passive servo rotational acceleration sensor are acquired through the calculations. Based on the accurate measurement of the micro-vibration of the precision rotating vibration equipment, the desired result is obtained. The measured data are presented in the paper, which verify the correctness of the calculation result. The passive servo large damping rotational acceleration sensor has simple circuit design, convenient operation and high resolution, and can be widely applied to seismic acceleration measurement of earthquake or structure.  相似文献   

Evaluation of ASCE 7 equations for designing acceleration‐sensitive nonstructural components using data from instrumented buildings     

Hamidreza Anajafi  Ricardo A. Medina 《地震工程与结构动力学》2018,47(4):1075-1094

This study uses instrumented buildings and models of code‐based designed buildings to validate the results of previous studies that highlighted the need to revise the ASCE 7 F_p equation for designing nonstructural components (NSCs) through utilizing oversimplified linear and nonlinear models. The evaluation of floor response spectra of a large number of instrumented buildings illustrates that, unlike the ASCE 7 approach, the in‐structure and the component amplification factors are a function of the ratio of NSC period to the supporting building modal periods, the ground motion intensity, and the NSC location. It is also shown that the recorded ground motions at the base of instrumented buildings in most cases are significantly lower than design earthquake (DE) ground motions. Because ASCE 7 is meant to provide demands at a DE level, for a more reliable evaluation of the F_p equation, 2 representative archetype buildings are designed based on the ASCE 7‐16 seismic provisions and exposed to various ground motion intensity levels (including those consistent with the ones experienced by instrumented buildings and the DE). Simulation results of the archetype buildings, consistent with previous numerical studies, illustrate the tendency of the ASCE 7 in‐structure amplification factor, [1 + 2(z/h)] , to significantly overestimate demands at all floor levels and the ASCE 7 limit of to in many cases underestimate the calculated NSC amplification factors. Furthermore, the product of these 2 amplification factors (that represents the normalized peak NSC acceleration) in some cases exceeds the ASCE 7 equation by a factor up to 1.50.  相似文献   

强夯振动加速度的量测及现场试验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

李盼盼  王家鼎  谷天峰  刘亚明 《地震工程学报》2018,40(1):166-170

结合延安新区强夯加固地基工程,进行强夯振动加速度测试现场试验。选取填方区场地,结合地形设计监测方案,以测试强夯波沿水平方向和斜坡的传播规律。在选定试验段的某级填方场地上布置多组加速度传感器,运用多个8通道24位高速采集卡记录强夯振动加速度在平面和斜坡的传播和衰减过程,探讨强夯振动波沿水平面和斜坡的传播规律以及能级对振动加速度的影响。结果表明:径向和竖向加速度值均随与夯点距离的增大而减小;在与夯击点距离相同处,强夯振动波沿水平方向传播的径向和竖向加速度值要大于沿斜坡方向;随着能级的增大,强夯产生的夯击波增强,在与夯击点相同距离处产生的径向和竖向加速度均明显增大。  相似文献